Differences in Colonies-
a. Southern colonies
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Life in Maryland, Virginia, North and South Carolina, and Georgia revolved largely around
agriculture, much of which was done on plantations owned by wealthy landlords. These
plantations were worked by African slaves and
indentured servants Other regional agriculture was done by poor white
settlers on small land plots. This meant that there was a large income gap and formal education was a
luxury that many could not afford. For those that could afford education, a
tutor was often hired to live on a plantation to teach the family's children or a several families' children. Larger cities, such as Williamsburg and Charleston, also had boarding schools and private schools sponsored by the Church of England. England's tradition of education only for the wealthy translated easily from Europe over to the Southern colonies.
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-Southern
colonies: Maryland, Virginia, the Carolinas, Georgia
-Life revolved around agriculture
-Agriculture done on plantations
-Plantations worked by
African slaves and indentured servants
-Other agricultural work done by poor white settlers on marginal land
-Plantation landlords and the wealthy were the only ones that could afford formal education
-
Tutors were hired to live on a family's plantation to tutor their children
-Families would often pool their money to hire a tutor to teach a group of their children
-English tradition of education for the wealthy translated easily over to the Southern colonies
b. The Middle Colonies
- New York, Rhode Island, New Jersey, Delaware, and Pennsylvania.
- More
diverse than southern colonies in that there are groups of other
cultures in the states.
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-
Dutch,
Swedes, and
Germans, all brought their cultures over as well as their diverse religious beliefs; Dutch Reformists, Quakers, Lutherans, Baptists, Roman Catholics, and Jews.
-Because Colonial America is so religiously diverse, it was difficult to cater schools to satisfy everyone.
With this
dilemma, families in the middle colonies created *
parochial school that covered religious education as well as the "three R's". They also learned their cultural history and language in the New World.
c. The New England Colonies:
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- Where we received the sayings:
1.) “
Idle minds are the Devil’s workshop” and
2.) “Spare the rod and spoil the child”
3.) The three R’s – Reading, writing,
arithmetic
- Consisted of Connecticut, Massachusetts, and New Hampshire
- 2 major ways in which The New England colonies differ from the other colonies:
1.) Religiously and culturally
homogeneous
2.) People were grouped together into towns
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- One example was the
Puritans:
Settled in Massachusetts
Followed
John Calvin
Religion was huge in their life
Settled in America because they disagreed with the Church of England.
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- Some of their beliefs in regards to education were:
1.) People were inherently evil
2.) Children were
savages
3.) Corporal punishment
4.) Education helps people learn the
commandments and become
industrious,
righteous, and
thrifty
- The Puritan’s school was shaped by their beliefs:
1.) Religion was a major factor in regard to the
curriculum
2.) 4 R’s (which now included religion)
3.) Instruction was based on
recitation and memorization
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Read the same
books they read!!
Old Deluder Satan Act:
- Called the
Massachusetts Act of 1647
- Came about because of “educational landscape” and to make sure citizens were “scripture literate...who would thwart Satan’s trickery” (165).
- One of the requirements was that if a household held 50+, they had to have a teacher for writing and reading.
- This is such an important act because if provided education with a “legal
foundation for public support” (165).
- This act also proved that public schooling enhanced the good of the public.